Right of Way Section

On the right hand side of the blog I have created a section called Reference Pages. Each aspect of model railroading has a 'section' that consolidates general and WWSL specific model railroading information.

This month I have focused on formatting and consolidating Right of Way information. The index page is 4.0 Right of Way The following topics have been identified and sorted. Information will be updated as I get it all together.

4.1. Railroad Engineering

4.1.0 Right of Way	4.1.7 Special works
4.1.1 Roadway	4.2.8 Culverts
4.1.1.1 Roadbed	4.2.9 Bridges, Piers and Abutments
4.1.1.2 Embankments	4.1.10 Tunnels
4.1.1.3 Cuts and Fills	4.1.11  Fences
4.1.1.4 Drainage	4.1.12  Grade Crossings (Road)
4.1.2  Ballast	4.1.13  Retaining Walls
4.1.3  Ties	4.1.14  Car Stops / Bumper Posts
4.1.4  Rail	4.1.15  Turntables
4.1.5  Guardrails	4.1.16 Wyes
4.1.6  Turnouts	4.1.17  Ash/Maint Pits

4.2. Putting down Trackwork

4.2.1 Putting down layout lines	4.2.8 Tunnels
4.2.2 Laying Cork	4.2.9 Turnout Control
4.2.3 Straight Track	4.2.10 Vertical Curves
4.2.4 Curves	4.2.11 Track Details
4.2.5 Turnouts	4.2.12 Painting Track
4.2.6 Crossings and Crossovers	4.2.13 Ballasting Track
4.2.7 Installing Under Track Items

4.3 Construction Diagrams

Module	Station	Description	Length of Siding	Connection
1	Brady Jct	Interchange	10 cars	NP
2	Montesano	WWSL Headquarters
3	Demaine Yard	Class 3 Yard	18 cars

1st Division

8	Schafer Prairie	Siding	Out of Service
9	Camp 1	Interchange	6 cars	OPLC
10	Headquarters
11	Sawmill	Siding	6 cars
12	Tunnel 1
13	Polson Canyon
14	Satsop River
15	Basalt	Siding	8 cars
16	Coal Grove	Class 3 Yard	16 cars
17	Reload	Interchange	5 cars	OPLC

2nd Division

4	Smith Canal
5	Preachers Slough	Interchange	10 cars	MILW/UP
6	North River
7	Wickwood	Interchange	15 cars	STC

 

 

 

 

Test Section 1 - Right of way construction

Its been a number of years since I've done any right of way construction so a good way to refresh my skills is to create a ROW test section. In this case I will model a Class A main line to passing track vignette. There are be 5 general goals for the test section.

1. Experiment with scenery landforms: embankments and flat ground.
2. Install a Class 1 main line and passing track, upgrading and installing a commercial turnout, detailing both track and turnouts, 
3. Construct right of way ditch, drains and culverts.
4. Experiment with scenery ground cover: dirt grass and weeds . 
5. Add miscellaneous right of way items, such as hand and motor car set-offs, rail rests, etc.
6. Build a cantenary system for displaying future electric locomotives (see 8.11.5 Electrics)

Specific Goals. On this test section I want to do several things:

1. Install a Class 1 main line and passing track, upgrading and installing a commercial turnout, detailing both track and turnouts, 
2. Experiment with Right of Way ditch, drain and culvert construction. 
   
3. Build hot wire roadbed ditching tools.
4. Hot wire a standard WWSL right of way embankment, surface drain, and single and double track ditch.

Design Considerations

• The diorama will generally be flat ground on which the main track and passing track is constructed.  An embankment will slope downward to the front, and a surface drain will slope downward to the rear toward an elevated sloped landform.
• I will use the WWSL Common Standard right of way designs. Those standards are modified from the Union Pacific Common Standards Book as appropriate to my locale, era and modeling supplies. 
• WWSL Common Standard Shinohara Code 83 flex track and turnouts will be used.
• A variety of ditches, drains and culverts appropriate to the WWSL main line will be identified built and installed. 
• The embankment must be of sufficient height to justify culverts and the surface drain will require a culvert for drainage.

Right of way.  

The test section is going to represent a WWSL Common Standard High Maintained Double Track entailing a main line with a turnout leading to a passing track. An embankment with drainage runs along the front of the test section, parallel to the main line.  A surface drain runs along the rear of the test section, parallel to to the passing track.

WWSL Common Standard 4.2.11.2  Modeling Technique for High Maintained Track was used for ballast profile, and general right of way design. The embankment information is on the left side of the Common Standard. In the center, the contour is the double track roadbed ditch. On the right side, the contour is the typical roadbed ditch.

Materials

Railroad ties. Railroad ties are going to be Shinohara flex track ties. Tie spacing will be WWSL Standard No. 2. Shinohara flex track tie spacing is almost correct for WWSL Standard No. 2. All it takes is compressing the ties linearly just a bit to get it into 'close enough'. No web cutting necessary. See 4.1.3  Ties for additional details.

Rail. Rail will be Shinohara Code 83 representing ARA 132 lb rail.

Turnout. Turnout will be Shinohara Code 83 No. 6 Frog with 15.6" point rails. I am not planning to make tie spacing changes to the Shinohara Code 83 No. 6 turnout. Common Standards that I have seen treat turnouts differently from general tie standards and I had no problem not following that prototype rule. I did 'tune up' the turnout for better operations. See 4.2.5 Turnouts for specific technique. 

Test Section Construction. The test section was shelf construction using 1x2 open grid for the framework and flat panel for the track support system. This panel is 36 inches long and 12 inches wide. In this case I used some salvaged chip board - not my usual extruded polystyrene foam section for the track support (subroadbed). The chip board was an ok decision as it is temporary and won't have to withstand much water damage from the track, ballasting and scenery installation. See 3.3.4 Shelf for construction details.

Sub-ballast layer. I used an oddball piece of 2 inch rigid stryrofoam. I used woodworkers yellow glue to glue down the styrofoam to the chip board. I have section panels that has remained solidly glued for 20+ years so it's a no brainer for this shelf.

Project Process

1. Laying out the roadway 

I am not going to go into great detail about putting down the roadbed lines. See the Right of Way Reference Page  for the details if you haven't had the fun to do it before.

The determining factor on laying out the roadway was based on the slope of the embankment. I wanted the embankment to end near the front edge of the test section, allowing for room to the rear of the section for the Maintenance of Way section elements.  In addition I am going to: 

1. Lay out all the auxiliary roadbed elements, in this case: rail rest, hand or motor car set off, turnout ditch profile, MOW shed locations. etc., toward the rear of the test section.
   
2. Lay out all the drainage elements along the front of the test section. In this case the following drainage elements will be modeled:
   

One of the issues I had in previous WWSL versions was the curvature of the track into the passing track. The curvature is an "S" curve and can cause derailments with longer length rolling stock. On the prototype there may be a curve but the easiest way to layout the curve is to template that curve as you would for a two track crossover.

 In this case I placed the mainline turnout about centered on the test section, then used two turnout templates to determine the curvature. The second No. 6 turnout is on aligned to the passing track, connect the two switches with a straight track, moving the passing track turnout to align, then cut in the layout lines for the track. No fuss, no muss and no trying to ease the curve into the passing track.

Basic module

Laying out the main line

Laying out the passing track

Locating the turnout

Laying out the turnout easement

Marking the curve

2. Laying down the track

I am not going to go into great detail about laying down the track. I use a wooden straight edge temporarily screwed into the foam to align the flex track strip. To effectively use this technique it requires laying down the track from the rear to the front. See 4.2.3 Straight Track for specific technique.

adhering the turnout

adhering the passing track

adhering the main track

3. Laying out the auxillaries

I have three Maintenance of Way structures to add to the test section:

• Tool shed
• Handcar or motor car platform
• Rail rest
• Tie storage

4. Hot wiring the landforms and ditches

 

Embankment. Embankment slopes are engineered based on the topography of the right of way and the materials used for building the embankment. Looking at the Common Standards I noticed that the culvert design plans were based on an embankment slope of 1.5 :1. Using that standard for my embankment significantly eases follow on construction of culverts, etc. in this case the embankment is on the front side of the test section. See 4.1.1.2 Embankments for construction details.

I cut the embankment with a carpenters hand saw but you could use a hot knife or a hot wire just as easily. I could have built a hot wire tool but it would have taken just as long to build the tool as cut the embankment. Other embankments on the WWSL will require a hot wire tool, and I will build one when the time is right. 

Cutting out the embankment

Cutting out the embankment ditch

 

5. Installing initial track details

After all that work I added some initial track details. In this case I was installing two specific track details: Joint Bars and Bonding Wires. The joint bars are etched brass from xxxx and represent 6 bolt joint bars.  I applied them with a tweezers and dab of canopy glue every 39 HO scale feet, the length of the prototype sections of rail. To save resources I only did the front side of each rail.

 

The 1st (Northern) Division of the WWSL is electrified. Electrified railroad track requires rail bonding.  Each rail joint is bonded for electrical continuity. I model this rail bonding by adhering a small copper wire at each joint bar with tweezers and a dab of CA.

Adding turnout details

Adding joint bars

Adding bonding wires

 

Adding gauge bars

Adding joint bars

Adding bonding wires

 

6. Painting the ties and rail

Ties and rails were painted using the WWSL Common Standard 4.2.11.1 Modeling Technique for High Maintained Track. See 4.2.13 Painting Ties and 4.2.14 Painting Rails for the general techniques.  I was eventually going to paint all my track work with either an airbrush or my trusty Camo Brown spray cans.

Adding track details

Painting the ties

Painting the rail

 

 

 Final trackwork photo

Paint Right of Way

Now that I have the work space organized and cleaned for the most part, its now time to get the roadway ready for track laying. 

From looking at various construction pictures over the years, you would notice that the extruded polystyrene foam I'm using for roadway is multi-colored. Some is in its original blue (from 20 years ago), green (from the last couple of years), and a browny tan color. The browny-tan color was an earth color that Andy Sperandeo,  a contributor and late executive editor Model Railroader Magazine, recommended ina layout construction project printed in Model Railroader. His recommendation was  Burro Beige,  I think from Sherwood Williams. Not knowing my soil colors I went out and bought a gallon and liberally painted the sections I had developed to date. It was a great improvement over blue foam.

Well Burro Beige isnt on the color charts any more, so I had to cut a chunk out of my  right of way scrap pile and take it to Lowes for a computer match.  The computer does an ok job of matching but its not absolute. Your results may vary. The new color is pretty decent for a first of many layers of ground cover. 

With a roller, a 4 inch brush and a paint pan I started at one end of the layout room and started painting. The job moved right along, especially since most of the right of way is now cleared of mountains of miscellaneous supplies. It gives the room a little more of a finished look. 

In the interest of continued cleaning and organizing, I put up pre-painted fascia that had been sitting on the right of way for more than a little while. There was a giant improvement  - made me think that big things were happening.  See 3.7 Valence / Fascia for additional details. 

While I was temporarily installing the fascia, I took advantage of the opportunity and constructed a Car Card Box and Sorting Rack,  and a Pen / Uncoupler Holder. It is too early to operationally use them but having them there was an opportunity to test the concept. Another small project completed. 

With a paint job, the laying down of roadbed lines will be easier - no more guessing which line is the old line, the new line or an accidental line. My layout line strategy will be discussed at 4.2.1 Putting down layout lines. I am going to do a test section on right of way construction first to get the process down before I go live on the WWSL right of way.